Mudskippers use tail thrusting to help crutching to move on mud of various wetness

📄 arXiv: 2609.00564v1 📥 PDF

作者: Divya Ramesh, Gargi Sadalgekar, Jiangqi Tan, Chen Li

分类: physics.bio-ph, cond-mat.soft, cs.RO, eess.SY, q-bio.QM

发布日期: 2026-09-01

备注: Journal of Experimental Biology, in review


💡 一句话要点

研究泥鳅在不同湿度泥土中使用尾部推力辅助移动

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control)

关键词: 泥鳅运动 湿流动基质 尾部推力 支撑步态 生物力学 生态适应

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有研究主要集中在四足动物在干燥沙土上的运动,缺乏对两栖鱼类在湿流动基质中的运动机制的理解。
  2. 本文通过控制泥土湿度,研究泥鳅在不同湿度下的运动表现,提出了尾部推力辅助支撑步态的概念。
  3. 实验结果表明,泥鳅在湿泥中下沉更深,接触面积增大,尽管性能略有下降,但仍能有效利用尾部推力进行运动。

📝 摘要(中文)

在水陆交界处,两栖鱼类面临由颗粒固体和水混合物组成的湿流动基质,这些基质在湿度变化时其强度和粘附性都会改变,给运动带来挑战。本文研究了泥鳅在可控湿度的粘土泥中如何应对这些变化。随着泥土湿度增加,其强度下降,导致泥鳅下沉更深,身体和鳍的接触面积增大。泥鳅主要采用保守的支撑步态,只有在最湿的泥土上表现出适度的性能下降。当常规支撑步态效果减弱时,泥鳅通过弯曲和伸展尾部来产生额外的推力和升力,甚至用尾部跳跃。这些观察表明,泥鳅的支撑运动程序适应其原生泥土,但在尾部使用上存在创新。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决两栖鱼类在不同湿度泥土中运动的机制,现有研究对湿流动基质的适应性了解不足。

核心思路:通过控制泥土的湿度,观察泥鳅在不同湿度下的运动方式,探索其如何利用尾部推力来辅助支撑步态。

技术框架:研究分为几个阶段:首先控制泥土湿度,接着观察泥鳅的运动模式,最后分析其运动表现与泥土特性的关系。

关键创新:泥鳅在湿泥中采用了尾部推力来增强运动能力,这一发现与现有对四足动物运动的理解形成对比,突显了泥鳅在适应性上的独特性。

关键设计:实验中设置了不同湿度的泥土样本,观察泥鳅的下沉深度、接触面积及运动方式,特别关注尾部的运动模式和其对整体运动的影响。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,泥鳅在湿泥中下沉深度增加,接触面积扩大,尽管在最湿泥土上的性能略有下降,但仍能有效利用尾部推力进行运动,展示了其适应性和灵活性。

🎯 应用场景

该研究为理解两栖动物在复杂环境中的运动机制提供了新视角,具有潜在的生态学和生物力学应用价值。未来可用于改善水陆交界地区的生物保护和生态恢复策略,甚至为机器人设计提供灵感。

📄 摘要(原文)

At the water-land interface, amphibious fishes encounter wet flowable substrates made of granular solid-water mixtures, which can stay solid or flow like a fluid. As these substrates become wetter or drier, their yield strength (at which solid-fluid transition occurs) and cohesion (how sticky they are) both change, challenging locomotion. Despite substantial understanding of tetrapod locomotion on flowable substrates (mostly dry sand), we know little about how amphibious fishes cope with wet flowable substrates of various wetness. Here, we studied mudskippers on clay mud of controlled, variable wetness over the range where solid-fluid transition occurs. As mud became wetter, its strength decreased by 100-fold, leading the animal to sink deeper, with larger areas of body and fins contacting mud. By contrast, mud stuck most easily at intermediate wetness. The increased sinkage and contact and stickiness change caused more mud to stick to and pull against the animal on wetter mud. We also tested dry mud, which stuck to animal fins as its mucus dried. Despite these challenges, the mudskipper predominately used a conserved crutching gait on all except the wettest mud tested, with a modest performance reduction. When normal crutching became less effective, the animal assisted it with tail thrusting, by bending and straightening it to push downward and backward to generate additional thrust and lift, or even thrusting the tail to jump. These observations suggest that mudskipper's crutching motor program is well adapted to its native muddy substrates but inflexible, with most novelty in tail use.