Particle-Based Conformal Prediction for Contact-Aware Uncertainty Calibration in Stratified Configuration Spaces
作者: Luís Marques, Kristian Popov, Dmitry Berenson
分类: cs.RO, cs.LG, stat.ME
发布日期: 2026-08-10
备注: 31 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables. Accepted at COPA 2026 (Conformal and Probabilistic Prediction with Applications). Project page: https://um-arm-lab.github.io/capture/
💡 一句话要点
提出CaPTURe以解决机器人接触环境中的不确定性校准问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱四:生成式动作 (Generative Motion) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 不确定性校准 粒子模型 几何感知 自主机器人 接触感知 规划任务 多模态分布
📋 核心要点
- 现有方法在处理机器人与障碍物接触时,无法有效表示多模态或离散的未来配置分布,导致不安全的执行。
- CaPTURe算法通过粒子模型生成概率有效的预测区域,并使用校准数据集来调整运动不确定性估计,确保高覆盖率。
- 在两个模拟任务中,CaPTURe在接触和非接触情况下均满足用户设定的覆盖要求,任务成功率提升达30%。
📝 摘要(中文)
可靠的不确定性表示对于部署与环境交互的自主系统至关重要。本文提出了一种基于几何感知的、符合预测的算法CaPTURe,旨在利用粒子模型生成未知未来系统配置的概率有效预测区域。该方法通过校准数据集局部校准运动不确定性估计,确保在接触和非接触情况下均能有效覆盖未来机器人配置。实验表明,CaPTURe在复杂环境中的任务成功率比最佳基线提高了30%。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决自主机器人在与环境接触时的不确定性校准问题。现有方法在面对复杂环境时,往往无法准确捕捉未来配置的多模态分布,导致潜在的任务失败和安全隐患。
核心思路:CaPTURe算法通过粒子模型生成未来系统配置的概率预测区域,并利用校准数据集局部调整运动不确定性,以适应接触和非接触的不同情况。这样的设计使得算法能够在复杂环境中更好地处理不确定性。
技术框架:该方法的整体架构包括数据收集、粒子模型生成、运动不确定性校准和预测区域构建四个主要模块。首先,通过收集系统过渡数据来构建校准数据集,然后生成粒子模型,接着进行不确定性校准,最后构建预测区域以满足用户设定的概率要求。
关键创新:CaPTURe的主要创新在于其几何感知的校准方法,能够有效捕捉接触丰富和非接触运动之间的不确定性变化。这一方法与传统的单一模型预测方法有本质区别,能够处理多模态和低维流形的配置分布。
关键设计:在参数设置上,算法允许用户设定覆盖概率,并通过粒子数量和校准数据集的选择来优化预测区域的准确性。损失函数设计考虑了不确定性校准的精度,确保生成的预测区域能够真实反映未来配置的分布特性。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
在两个模拟规划任务中,CaPTURe在接触和非接触情况下均满足用户设定的覆盖要求,任务成功率相比最佳基线提升了30%。这一显著的性能提升表明了该方法在处理复杂环境中的有效性。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括自主机器人导航、工业自动化和人机协作等场景。通过提高机器人在复杂环境中的不确定性处理能力,CaPTURe能够显著提升任务执行的安全性和效率,推动自主系统在实际应用中的广泛部署。
📄 摘要(原文)
Reliable uncertainty representation is essential for deploying autonomous systems that interact with their environment, as robots must reason about how uncertainty arising from both stochasticity and model mismatch is impacted by contacts with obstacles (e.g., when navigating through a cluttered environment or inserting a part into an assembly). We propose Calibrated Particle-sets for Trans-dimensional Uncertainty Representation (CaPTURe), a geometry-aware, conformal prediction-based algorithm that generates probabilistically valid prediction regions of the unknown future system configuration using particle-based models of arbitrary fidelity. While calibrated uncertainty predictions are essential for safe and efficient planning, analytical or learned motion models are often inaccurate - due to limited data, simplifying assumptions, unmodeled effects, etc. - which can lead to unsafe executions or task failure. Additionally, when a robot contacts an obstacle, the distribution of its future configurations can become multimodal or disjoint, or lie along manifolds of lower intrinsic dimension than the space of possible robot configurations. Our method uses a calibration dataset of system transitions to locally calibrate motion uncertainty estimates, constructing regions guaranteed to contain the future robot configuration at a user-set probability. Our calibration procedure captures how motion uncertainty varies between contact-rich and contactless motions, leading to sufficient coverage in both cases. We evaluate our method on two simulated planning tasks: controlling a marble around a labyrinth and performing tight-tolerance peg-in-hole insertion with a manipulator. Compared to relevant baselines, CaPTURe achieves the user-specified coverage requirement both in and out of contact and achieves up to a 30% absolute improvement in task success rate over the best baseline.