Arm2Air: Cross-Embodiment Skeleton Transfer for 3D Relay Formation

📄 arXiv: 2607.27627v1 📥 PDF

作者: Dohun Lee, Kyeonghyun Yoo, Seokmin Kim, Byongho Lee, Seungjoo Oh, Hwangnam Kim

分类: cs.RO, cs.AI

发布日期: 2026-07-30

备注: 9 pages, 4 figures


💡 一句话要点

提出Arm2Air以解决无人机中继网络的连接性问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱七:动作重定向 (Motion Retargeting)

关键词: 无人机中继 跨体现转移 避障策略 城市环境 规划效率 通信恢复 智能城市

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有方法在城市环境中进行无人机中继放置时,面临多种障碍物和复杂条件的挑战,导致连接性恢复效率低下。
  2. 论文提出Arm2Air,通过跨体现转移技术,将机器人手臂的避障策略有效应用于无人机中继网络的规划。
  3. 实验结果显示,Arm2Air在多个指标上显著优于传统方法,尤其是在中继位置精度和规划效率方面的提升。

📝 摘要(中文)

无人机(UAV)中继网络能够在通信基础设施受损后恢复连接。然而,城市环境中的中继放置面临视线阻挡、通信范围、高度和三维障碍物等多重挑战。Arm2Air通过跨体现转移将机器人手臂的避障骨架转移至无人机中继放置。该方法利用预训练的神经MP模型将源域的机器人手臂运动转换为有序骨架,并通过有限的目标数据和低秩适应技术调整至无人机领域。实验结果表明,Arm2Air在九个高杂乱的三维城市地图上将中继规划的中位运行时间减少了64.9%。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本论文旨在解决无人机中继网络在城市环境中因障碍物导致的连接性恢复问题。现有方法在复杂城市环境中难以有效规划中继位置,影响了通信的可靠性和效率。

核心思路:论文的核心思路是通过跨体现转移技术,将机器人手臂的避障骨架转移至无人机中继放置中,从而提高中继网络的规划效率和连接性。该方法利用预训练模型的知识,减少了对目标领域数据的需求。

技术框架:整体架构包括三个主要模块:首先是从源域机器人手臂运动中提取有序骨架;其次是通过Transformer模型进行跨领域适应;最后是基于适应后的骨架进行中继链的初始化和优化。

关键创新:最重要的技术创新在于跨体现转移的实现,使得不同领域的结构性先验知识能够有效共享,从而提升了中继网络的规划能力。与现有方法相比,Arm2Air在数据和计算效率上具有显著优势。

关键设计:在参数设置上,Arm2Air仅需使用三个目标域训练地图,更新的参数量为0.134百万,相较于从头训练的1.383百万参数显著减少。损失函数和网络结构设计上,采用低秩适应技术以提高模型的适应性和效率。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,Arm2Air在九个高杂乱的三维城市地图上将中继规划的中位运行时间减少了64.9%。在高阻挡组的另一个30地图密集城市持出中,中继瓶颈容量提高了32.6%,最大跳跃距离减少了13.2%。这些结果表明该方法在多个关键性能指标上均优于传统方法。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括城市无人机中继网络的部署、灾后通信恢复以及智能交通系统的优化。通过提高中继放置的效率和可靠性,Arm2Air能够在实际场景中显著提升无人机的应用价值,促进智能城市的发展。

📄 摘要(原文)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay networks can restore connectivity after communication infrastructure is damaged. Urban relay placement is difficult because line-of-sight blockage, communication range, altitude, and three-dimensional obstacles must be considered jointly. Arm2Air transfers obstacle-avoidance skeletons from robot arms to UAV relay placement through cross-embodiment transfer. Source-domain robot-arm motions from a pretrained Neural MP model are converted into ordered skeletons that pretrain a transformer-based transfer platform, which is then adapted to the UAV domain using limited target data and Low-Rank Adaptation. The transferred skeleton initializes a relay chain that is refined for connectivity, bottleneck capacity, delay, and movement cost. On nine held-out high-clutter 3D urban maps, Arm2Air reduced median end-to-end planning runtime by 64.9 percent relative to the fastest conventional planner. On the high-obstruction group of a separate 30-map dense urban holdout, it increased bottleneck capacity by 32.6 percent, reduced capacity variance by 74.7 percent, reduced maximum hop distance by 13.2 percent, reduced hop-distance variance by 75.2 percent, and reduced relay displacement by 16.9 percent relative to IMPC-MD. With only three target-domain training maps, Arm2Air reduced relay-position root mean square error by 53.6 percent relative to training from scratch while updating 0.134 million parameters, compared with 1.383 million for Scratch and Full Fine-tuning. These results demonstrate computationally and data-efficient UAV relay placement and suggest a broader principle for transferring ordered structural priors across heterogeneous embodied tasks.