Simple-to-Complex Structured Demonstrations for Vision-Language-Action Learning

📄 arXiv: 2607.04591v1 📥 PDF

作者: Xinchuan Qiu, Yi Yu

分类: cs.RO, cs.AI

发布日期: 2026-07-06

备注: 20 pages


💡 一句话要点

提出简单到复杂的演示收集策略以提升VLA学习效率

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control) 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 视觉-语言-动作 机器人操控 演示收集 任务分解 学习效率 训练稳定性 长时间操控

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有的VLA模型研究多集中于模型架构和训练策略,缺乏对演示收集与组织的关注,导致学习效率低下。
  2. 提出了一种简单到复杂的演示收集策略,通过分解任务、标准化环境和组织演示,提升了学习效果。
  3. 实验表明,该策略在块抓取和毛巾折叠任务中,相较于基线方法,成功率和训练稳定性均有显著提升。

📝 摘要(中文)

视觉-语言-动作(VLA)模型在机器人操控中展现了强大的能力,但现有研究主要集中在模型架构和训练策略上,忽视了演示的收集与组织。本文提出了一种简单到复杂的结构化演示收集策略,通过将复杂任务分解为可逐步学习的子技能、标准化交互环境以及根据任务复杂性组织演示,提升了策略学习的效率和稳定性。实验结果表明,该方法在块抓取、分类和毛巾折叠等任务中,成功率和训练稳定性均显著提高,强调了演示组织在VLA学习中的重要性。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决现有VLA学习中演示收集与组织不足的问题,导致策略学习效率低、训练不稳定及泛化能力差。

核心思路:提出了一种结构化的演示收集策略,通过将复杂任务分解为可逐步学习的子技能,使模型能够逐步掌握基本技能,进而学习更复杂的任务组合。

技术框架:整体框架包括三个主要模块:任务分解、环境标准化和演示组织。首先将复杂任务拆分为子技能,其次在标准化环境中进行交互,最后根据任务复杂性组织演示数据。

关键创新:本研究的创新在于强调演示组织的重要性,通过系统化的演示收集策略,显著提升了VLA模型的学习效率和稳定性,与传统的直接收集完整任务轨迹的方法形成鲜明对比。

关键设计:在演示收集过程中,采用了标准化的交互环境,减少了不必要的变异,同时设计了逐步增加复杂性的演示组织方式,以便模型能够有效学习长时间的操控任务。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,采用新策略后,块抓取和毛巾折叠任务的成功率分别提高了XX%和YY%,训练稳定性也显著增强,相较于基线方法,表现出更优的学习效果。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能机器人、自动化制造和人机交互等。通过提升机器人在复杂任务中的学习能力,能够更好地实现自主操作,降低人工干预,提高生产效率,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。

📄 摘要(原文)

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong capabilities in robotic manipulation by integrating visual perception, language understanding, and robot action generation. Existing research has primarily focused on improving model architectures, training strategies, and dataset scale, while little attention has been paid to how demonstrations are collected and organized. We identify demonstration organization as a fundamental yet overlooked aspect of imitation learning, as it directly affects policy learning efficiency, training stability, and policy generalization. To address this gap, we propose a simple-to-complex structured demonstration collection strategy for VLA learning using a dual-arm robotic platform. Our approach systematically organizes data through three general principles: (i) decomposing complex manipulation tasks into progressively learnable sub-skills, (ii) standardizing the interaction environment to reduce unnecessary variability, and (iii) organizing demonstrations according to progressively increasing task complexity. This structured design enables VLA models to first acquire fundamental manipulation skills before learning increasingly complex task compositions, facilitating more effective learning of long-horizon manipulation tasks. We evaluate the proposed strategy on two representative robotic manipulation tasks: block grasping and sorting, and towel folding. Experimental results show consistent improvements in task success rate and training stability compared with the baseline method of directly collecting end-to-end complete task trajectories. These findings highlight demonstration organization as a previously underexplored but important factor in VLA learning and provide practical insights into efficient skill acquisition, scalable dataset construction, and long-horizon robotic manipulation.