Legible and Intuitive Multi-modal Robot State and Intent Communication Validated in Online and Real-world Studies

📄 arXiv: 2606.24445v1 📥 PDF

作者: Tim Schreiter, Jens V. Rüppel, Andrey Rudenko, Martin Magnusson, Achim J. Lilienthal

分类: cs.RO

发布日期: 2026-06-23

备注: Accepted for publication at the 35th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2026)


💡 一句话要点

提出多模态机器人通信策略以提升人机协作透明度

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 人机通信 多模态融合 机器人协作 可读性提升 实验验证

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有机器人通信方法在表达能力和可读性方面存在不足,尤其是在多样化的接收者解读信息时。
  2. 本文提出了一种多模态通信策略,结合机器人视线、手势和语音,旨在提升人机通信的直观性和可读性。
  3. 实验结果显示,多模态通信在可读性和直观性上明显优于单模态LED通信,尤其在现实环境中表现出明显的下降趋势。

📝 摘要(中文)

有效的人机通信能够增强透明度和信任,减少不确定性,并促进共享工作空间中的安全协作。设计和验证有效的机器人通信策略面临挑战,尤其是不同机器人之间的通信方式差异、接收者对信息的不同解读以及虚拟与现实之间的沟通可读性差距。本文系统性地比较了移动非人形机器人在不同信息类型和设置下的现有通信策略,分析了低表达性单模态LED策略与高表达性多模态策略(结合机器人视线、手势和语音)的效果。实验结果表明,多模态通信在可读性和直观性上优于单模态LED通信,且在现实环境中的可读性显著下降。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决现有机器人通信策略在表达能力和可读性方面的不足,尤其是在多样化接收者的解读过程中存在的挑战。

核心思路:提出一种结合机器人视线、手势和语音的多模态通信策略,以提高信息传递的直观性和可读性,克服单一LED信号的局限性。

技术框架:研究设计了两种通信策略:低表达性单模态LED策略和高表达性多模态策略。通过在线和现实环境中的实验,比较这两种策略在传达转向意图、注意请求、错误状态等方面的效果。

关键创新:最重要的创新在于通过多模态方式提升了机器人与人类之间的沟通效率和理解度,显著改善了信息的可读性,与传统的单模态LED通信方式形成鲜明对比。

关键设计:在多模态策略中,设计了机器人视线、手势和语音的协调机制,确保信息传递的连贯性和一致性,具体参数设置和损失函数的设计尚未详细披露。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果表明,多模态通信在可读性和直观性上显著优于单模态LED通信,尤其在现实环境中可读性下降明显。具体而言,多模态策略的可读性得分高于单模态策略,且在不同实验设置中表现出一致的优势。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括工业自动化、服务机器人和人机协作环境。通过提升机器人与人类之间的沟通效率,可以在实际工作场景中增强安全性和协作效果,未来可能推动智能机器人在更多领域的应用。

📄 摘要(原文)

Effective robot-to-human communication can increase transparency and trust, reduce uncertainty, and contribute to safer collaboration in shared workspaces. Designing and validating an effective robot communication strategy is challenging due to the varying and often limited communication modalities across robots, differences in how diverse recipients interpret messages, and the underexplored virtual-to-real gap in studies of communication legibility. We present a systematic, large-scale comparative validation of existing communication strategies for a mobile non-humanoid robot across message types and settings (online and in-person). Based on the prescribed message types in the existing standards for industrial robots, we realize and compare a low-expressive, unimodal LED-based strategy with a highly expressive, multimodal one that leverages robotic gaze, gestures, and voice. For each strategy, we analyze the communication of a turning intention, an attention request, error status, whether the robot is stuck, and whether it is functioning normally. We evaluate these strategies in replicated online and in-person experiments. We find strong evidence that highly expressive multimodal communication is perceived as more legible and intuitive than unimodal LED-based communication. Comparing the online and real-world study findings, we observe a notable decrease in overall legibility, particularly for signaling with LEDs. Similarly, confidence in message interpretation decreases during the real-world evaluation.