LLMSat: A Large Language Model-Based Goal-Oriented Agent for Autonomous Space Exploration
作者: David Maranto
分类: cs.RO, cs.AI, cs.LG, cs.MA, physics.space-ph
发布日期: 2024-04-13
备注: B.A.Sc thesis
💡 一句话要点
提出基于大型语言模型的自主航天探索智能体以提升任务自主性
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 大型语言模型 自主航天 符号推理 深空探测 智能体系统 任务规划 机器人技术
📋 核心要点
- 现有的基于符号推理的自主系统在复杂任务中难以扩展,且依赖于人工构建的知识模型,限制了其应用。
- 本文提出利用大型语言模型作为航天器的高层控制系统,旨在提升航天器的自主决策能力。
- 通过在Kerbal Space Program中模拟深空任务,评估了该方法的有效性,发现适当的提示和授权选择能显著改善性能。
📝 摘要(中文)
随着航天器逐渐远离地球并承担更复杂的任务,对更高自主性和智能化的系统的需求日益增加。减少对人类任务控制的依赖变得至关重要。现有的基于符号推理的目标导向系统在受控环境中表现良好,但由于需要人工构建的本体模型,实际应用中面临挑战。本文探讨了将大型语言模型(LLMs)作为航天器高层控制系统的应用,设计并开发了一种智能航天器控制器,通过模拟深空任务场景来评估其在提升航天器自主性方面的有效性。研究表明,现有LLMs的推理和规划能力在任务复杂性增加时表现不佳,但通过适当的提示框架和代理对航天器的授权选择可以缓解这一问题。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决现有航天器自主系统在复杂任务中推理和规划能力不足的问题,尤其是对人工构建知识模型的依赖。
核心思路:通过将大型语言模型(LLMs)作为航天器的高层控制系统,利用其自然语言处理能力进行推理和任务生成,从而提升自主性。
技术框架:整体架构包括数据输入模块、LLM推理模块和任务执行模块。数据输入模块负责收集航天器状态信息,LLM推理模块进行决策生成,任务执行模块则负责执行生成的任务。
关键创新:将LLMs应用于航天器控制的创新点在于其能够处理复杂的自然语言输入并进行推理,而不依赖于传统的人工本体模型,具有更高的灵活性和适应性。
关键设计:在设计中,采用了适当的提示框架以引导LLM进行有效推理,并根据任务复杂性动态调整代理的授权级别,以优化决策过程。具体的参数设置和网络结构细节在实验中进行了验证。
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,采用LLMs的航天器控制系统在复杂任务中的表现优于传统符号推理系统。通过适当的提示和授权选择,航天器的自主决策能力显著提升,具体性能数据在模拟任务中显示出较高的成功率和任务完成效率。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括未来的自动化航天任务、深空探测和机器人探索等。通过提升航天器的自主决策能力,可以减少对地面控制的依赖,提高任务执行效率,推动人类对太阳系的探索进程。
📄 摘要(原文)
As spacecraft journey further from Earth with more complex missions, systems of greater autonomy and onboard intelligence are called for. Reducing reliance on human-based mission control becomes increasingly critical if we are to increase our rate of solar-system-wide exploration. Recent work has explored AI-based goal-oriented systems to increase the level of autonomy in mission execution. These systems make use of symbolic reasoning managers to make inferences from the state of a spacecraft and a handcrafted knowledge base, enabling autonomous generation of tasks and re-planning. Such systems have proven to be successful in controlled cases, but they are difficult to implement as they require human-crafted ontological models to allow the spacecraft to understand the world. Reinforcement learning has been applied to train robotic agents to pursue a goal. A new architecture for autonomy is called for. This work explores the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) as the high-level control system of a spacecraft. Using a systems engineering approach, this work presents the design and development of an agentic spacecraft controller by leveraging an LLM as a reasoning engine, to evaluate the utility of such an architecture in achieving higher levels of spacecraft autonomy. A series of deep space mission scenarios simulated within the popular game engine Kerbal Space Program (KSP) are used as case studies to evaluate the implementation against the requirements. It is shown the reasoning and planning abilities of present-day LLMs do not scale well as the complexity of a mission increases, but this can be alleviated with adequate prompting frameworks and strategic selection of the agent's level of authority over the host spacecraft. This research evaluates the potential of LLMs in augmenting autonomous decision-making systems for future robotic space applications.