Tac-Man: Tactile-Informed Prior-Free Manipulation of Articulated Objects
作者: Zihang Zhao, Yuyang Li, Wanlin Li, Zhenghao Qi, Lecheng Ruan, Yixin Zhu, Kaspar Althoefer
分类: cs.RO
发布日期: 2024-03-04 (更新: 2025-09-12)
备注: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO)
💡 一句话要点
提出Tac-Man以解决关节物体操控中的不确定性问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control)
关键词: 触觉反馈 关节物体操控 无先验策略 机器人技术 人类中心环境 动态适应 智能家居
📋 核心要点
- 现有方法在操控关节物体时面临不可预测性和多样性的问题,导致基于运动学先验的模型效果不佳。
- Tac-Man是一种无先验的操控策略,通过触觉反馈实现机器人与关节物体的稳定接触,增强操控能力。
- 实验结果显示,Tac-Man在复杂环境中实现了近乎完美的成功率,显著优于现有操控方法。
📝 摘要(中文)
在人类中心环境中集成机器人需要先进的操控技能,尤其是与关节物体(如门和抽屉)的交互。现有的基于物体运动学先验的模型在面对这些物体内部结构的不可预测性和多样性时显得不足。本文提出了一种无先验的策略Tac-Man,专注于在操控过程中保持稳定的机器人与物体接触。Tac-Man利用触觉反馈,使机器人能够熟练处理各种关节物体,即使在意外干扰下也能保持操控的稳定性。实验和模拟结果表明,该方法在动态和多样化的环境中表现优异,超越了现有方法,证明了触觉感知在管理多样化关节物体中的有效性。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决机器人在操控关节物体时面临的不可预测性和多样性问题。现有方法依赖于物体运动学先验,无法有效应对物体内部结构的不确定性和外部干扰。
核心思路:Tac-Man的核心思路是通过触觉反馈来维持机器人与物体的稳定接触,而不依赖于任何物体的先验知识。这种设计使得机器人能够在面对未知物体时仍能保持操控的灵活性和稳定性。
技术框架:Tac-Man的整体架构包括触觉传感模块、接触状态监测模块和操控决策模块。触觉传感模块实时获取接触信息,接触状态监测模块分析接触稳定性,操控决策模块根据反馈调整操控策略。
关键创新:Tac-Man的主要创新在于其无先验的操控策略,强调触觉感知在复杂操控任务中的重要性。这与传统方法依赖于物体模型的本质区别在于,Tac-Man能够在缺乏具体模型的情况下仍然实现高效操控。
关键设计:在设计中,Tac-Man采用了自适应的触觉反馈机制,结合动态调整的控制策略,以应对不同的操控场景。损失函数的设计考虑了接触稳定性和操控精度,确保机器人在复杂环境中能够快速适应。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
Tac-Man在多种动态环境中实现了近乎完美的成功率,显著优于现有基线方法,展示了其在关节物体操控中的卓越性能。实验结果表明,触觉感知足以应对多样化的操控任务,提升了机器人的鲁棒性和泛化能力。
🎯 应用场景
Tac-Man的研究成果在家庭机器人、服务机器人等人类中心环境中具有广泛的应用潜力。其无先验的操控能力使得机器人能够更灵活地处理各种复杂物体,提升了机器人在实际应用中的适应性和可靠性。未来,该技术有望推动机器人在更复杂和动态环境中的应用,促进智能家居和自动化服务的发展。
📄 摘要(原文)
Integrating robots into human-centric environments such as homes, necessitates advanced manipulation skills as robotic devices will need to engage with articulated objects like doors and drawers. Key challenges in robotic manipulation of articulated objects are the unpredictability and diversity of these objects' internal structures, which render models based on object kinematics priors, both explicit and implicit, inadequate. Their reliability is significantly diminished by pre-interaction ambiguities, imperfect structural parameters, encounters with unknown objects, and unforeseen disturbances. Here, we present a prior-free strategy, Tac-Man, focusing on maintaining stable robot-object contact during manipulation. Without relying on object priors, Tac-Man leverages tactile feedback to enable robots to proficiently handle a variety of articulated objects, including those with complex joints, even when influenced by unexpected disturbances. Demonstrated in both real-world experiments and extensive simulations, it consistently achieves near-perfect success in dynamic and varied settings, outperforming existing methods. Our results indicate that tactile sensing alone suffices for managing diverse articulated objects, offering greater robustness and generalization than prior-based approaches. This underscores the importance of detailed contact modeling in complex manipulation tasks, especially with articulated objects. Advancements in tactile-informed approaches significantly expand the scope of robotic applications in human-centric environments, particularly where accurate models are difficult to obtain. See additional material at https://tacman-aom.github.io.