VOOM: Robust Visual Object Odometry and Mapping using Hierarchical Landmarks
作者: Yutong Wang, Chaoyang Jiang, Xieyuanli Chen
分类: cs.RO, cs.CV
发布日期: 2024-02-21 (更新: 2024-02-26)
备注: 7 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, conference icra 2024 accepted
🔗 代码/项目: GITHUB
💡 一句话要点
提出VOOM框架以解决视觉物体里程计和地图构建问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱三:空间感知与语义 (Perception & Semantics)
关键词: 视觉里程计 地图构建 对象导向SLAM 高层地标 低层特征点 数据关联 双二次曲面 束调整
📋 核心要点
- 现有的对象导向SLAM方法在定位精度上往往不及基于特征的SLAM,且通用的粗糙物体模型精度有限。
- 本文提出的VOOM框架通过高层物体与低层点的分层地标,结合改进的观测模型和数据关联方法,提升了地图构建的精度。
- 实验结果显示,VOOM在定位精度上超越了ORB-SLAM2等基线系统,展现出更强的实用性和可靠性。
📝 摘要(中文)
近年来,面向对象的同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)因其提供高层语义信息的能力而受到广泛关注。尽管一些研究者尝试通过将建模的物体残差整合到束调整中来提高定位精度,但很少有研究能超越基于特征的视觉SLAM系统。本文提出了一种视觉物体里程计和地图构建框架VOOM,采用高层物体和低层点作为分层地标,避免直接使用物体残差。我们引入了改进的观测模型和新颖的数据关联方法,以双二次曲面表示物理对象,从而创建更真实的3D地图。实验结果表明,VOOM在定位精度上优于现有的对象导向SLAM和特征点SLAM系统,如ORB-SLAM2。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决现有对象导向SLAM在定位精度上的不足,尤其是通用物体模型(如立方体或椭球体)在实际应用中的局限性。
核心思路:VOOM框架采用高层物体和低层点的分层地标,避免直接使用物体残差,利用改进的观测模型和新颖的数据关联方法来提升地图的真实度和定位精度。
技术框架:VOOM的整体架构包括三个主要模块:首先是改进的观测模型和数据关联方法,用于生成高精度的3D地图;其次是利用物体信息增强特征点的数据关联;最后是基于更新地图优化相机姿态和物体位置的视觉物体里程计后端。
关键创新:最重要的创新在于采用分层地标的方式,结合高层物体与低层特征点,显著提高了数据关联的精度和地图的真实度,与传统的基于特征的SLAM方法形成鲜明对比。
关键设计:在设计中,采用了双二次曲面来表示物理对象,改进了观测模型,并在局部束调整中利用物体和点的共视图图,确保了优化过程的高效性和准确性。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,VOOM在定位精度上显著优于ORB-SLAM2等基线系统,具体提升幅度达到XX%(具体数据未知),展示了其在实际应用中的有效性和优势。
🎯 应用场景
VOOM框架在机器人导航、增强现实和自动驾驶等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。通过提供更高精度的定位和地图构建能力,该方法能够支持复杂环境下的智能决策和路径规划,提升自动化系统的可靠性和安全性。
📄 摘要(原文)
In recent years, object-oriented simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has attracted increasing attention due to its ability to provide high-level semantic information while maintaining computational efficiency. Some researchers have attempted to enhance localization accuracy by integrating the modeled object residuals into bundle adjustment. However, few have demonstrated better results than feature-based visual SLAM systems, as the generic coarse object models, such as cuboids or ellipsoids, are less accurate than feature points. In this paper, we propose a Visual Object Odometry and Mapping framework VOOM using high-level objects and low-level points as the hierarchical landmarks in a coarse-to-fine manner instead of directly using object residuals in bundle adjustment. Firstly, we introduce an improved observation model and a novel data association method for dual quadrics, employed to represent physical objects. It facilitates the creation of a 3D map that closely reflects reality. Next, we use object information to enhance the data association of feature points and consequently update the map. In the visual object odometry backend, the updated map is employed to further optimize the camera pose and the objects. Meanwhile, local bundle adjustment is performed utilizing the objects and points-based covisibility graphs in our visual object mapping process. Experiments show that VOOM outperforms both object-oriented SLAM and feature points SLAM systems such as ORB-SLAM2 in terms of localization. The implementation of our method is available at https://github.com/yutongwangBIT/VOOM.git.