COOL: A Conjoint Perspective on Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network for Traffic Forecasting

📄 arXiv: 2403.01091v1 📥 PDF

作者: Wei Ju, Yusheng Zhao, Yifang Qin, Siyu Yi, Jingyang Yuan, Zhiping Xiao, Xiao Luo, Xiting Yan, Ming Zhang

分类: cs.LG, cs.AI, cs.IR, cs.SI

发布日期: 2024-03-02

备注: Accepted by Information Fusion 2024


💡 一句话要点

提出COOL以解决交通预测中的时空关系建模问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱七:动作重定向 (Motion Retargeting)

关键词: 交通预测 图神经网络 时空建模 深度学习 数据驱动

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有交通预测方法在时空关系建模上存在独立处理的问题,导致效果不佳。
  2. 本文提出的COOL通过构建异构图,联合捕捉高阶时空关系,提升预测准确性。
  3. 在四个基准数据集上的实验结果显示,COOL的性能优于现有的竞争方法,具有显著提升。

📝 摘要(中文)

本文研究了交通预测问题,旨在基于历史数据预测未来交通状态。尽管该领域受到越来越多的关注,但现有方法在建模时空关系时往往独立处理,未能充分考虑复杂的高阶交互关系。此外,交通预测中的多样化过渡模式使得现有方法难以捕捉。为此,本文提出了联合时空图神经网络(COOL),通过构建异构图来共同捕捉高阶时空关系。实验结果表明,COOL在四个基准数据集上表现出色,优于现有竞争基线。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决交通预测中时空关系建模的不足,现有方法往往独立处理时空关系,未能有效捕捉复杂的高阶交互和多样化的过渡模式。

核心思路:COOL通过构建异构图,结合先验和后验信息,联合建模高阶时空关系,以更全面地捕捉交通流的动态变化。

技术框架:整体架构包括两个主要模块:首先,通过先验消息传递构建连接序列观测的异构图,以提取复合时空关系;其次,利用构建的亲和图和惩罚图进行后验消息传递,以将互补的语义信息融入节点表示。

关键创新:最重要的创新在于提出了联合自注意解码器,能够从多层次和多尺度视角建模多样化的时间模式,这一设计显著提升了交通预测的准确性。

关键设计:在网络结构上,采用了多层图神经网络,并设计了特定的损失函数以优化时空关系的建模效果,确保模型能够有效捕捉复杂的交通流动态。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

在四个流行的基准数据集上,COOL的实验结果显示出优越的性能,相较于竞争基线,预测准确率提升了显著的百分比,证明了其在捕捉复杂时空关系方面的有效性。

🎯 应用场景

该研究在城市规划和交通管理等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。通过提高交通预测的准确性,能够为交通流量调控、拥堵管理和基础设施建设提供数据支持,进而优化城市交通系统的运行效率。未来,COOL的框架也可扩展到其他时空预测任务,如环境监测和公共安全等领域。

📄 摘要(原文)

This paper investigates traffic forecasting, which attempts to forecast the future state of traffic based on historical situations. This problem has received ever-increasing attention in various scenarios and facilitated the development of numerous downstream applications such as urban planning and transportation management. However, the efficacy of existing methods remains sub-optimal due to their tendency to model temporal and spatial relationships independently, thereby inadequately accounting for complex high-order interactions of both worlds. Moreover, the diversity of transitional patterns in traffic forecasting makes them challenging to capture for existing approaches, warranting a deeper exploration of their diversity. Toward this end, this paper proposes Conjoint Spatio-Temporal graph neural network (abbreviated as COOL), which models heterogeneous graphs from prior and posterior information to conjointly capture high-order spatio-temporal relationships. On the one hand, heterogeneous graphs connecting sequential observation are constructed to extract composite spatio-temporal relationships via prior message passing. On the other hand, we model dynamic relationships using constructed affinity and penalty graphs, which guide posterior message passing to incorporate complementary semantic information into node representations. Moreover, to capture diverse transitional properties to enhance traffic forecasting, we propose a conjoint self-attention decoder that models diverse temporal patterns from both multi-rank and multi-scale views. Experimental results on four popular benchmark datasets demonstrate that our proposed COOL provides state-of-the-art performance compared with the competitive baselines.