Label-Free Deep-Tissue Peripheral Nerve Detection with a Handheld Multimodal OCT Probe and NerveDetNet

📄 arXiv: 2608.13807v1 📥 PDF

作者: Yihan Wang, Ruilin You, Shaobai Li, Jiabin Chen, Bofan Song, Anh D. Le, Rongguang Liang

分类: physics.optics, cs.CV, physics.med-ph

发布日期: 2026-08-13


💡 一句话要点

提出无标记深组织外周神经检测方法以解决手术中可视化难题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱四:生成式动作 (Generative Motion) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 光学相干断层成像 外周神经检测 无标记成像 多模态探头 深度解析 神经信号恢复 手术导航

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有的OCT神经研究主要依赖暴露的神经或极限深度穿透的偏振对比,限制了其在手术中的应用价值。
  2. 本文提出了一种无标记的检测框架,结合手持多模态探头和NerveDetNet网络,能够在未开启组织下检测外周神经并解析其深度。
  3. 在体外组织实验中,NerveDetNet在所有帧间距下均优于六个代表性的2D基线,Dice得分达到0.725,且使用的模型参数约为一半。

📝 摘要(中文)

外周神经在完整组织下难以可视化,现有的光学成像方法无法有效探测。本文首次提出无标记框架,通过强度基础的光学相干断层成像(OCT)结构特征,检测未开启组织下的外周神经并解析其深度。该框架结合手持多模态探头,集成了扫频源OCT、白光成像和自发荧光成像,并设计了适用于手术的“确认-捕获”工作流程。我们开发了NerveDetNet,一个轻量级的2.5D分割网络,能够恢复微弱和空间位移的神经信号。实验结果表明,NerveDetNet在稀疏采样条件下表现优异,Dice得分达到0.725,且能够实现深度解析,支持无组织开启的神经可视化。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决外周神经在完整组织下的可视化问题,现有方法无法有效探测未暴露的神经,限制了其在手术中的应用。

核心思路:提出了一种无标记的框架,通过强度基础的OCT结构特征,结合手持多模态探头,实现对埋藏神经的检测和深度解析。

技术框架:整体架构包括手持多模态探头,集成扫频源OCT、白光成像和自发荧光成像,配合“确认-捕获”工作流程,确保在手术中的实用性。NerveDetNet网络负责对稀疏采样的OCT体积进行高效分析。

关键创新:NerveDetNet是一个轻量级的2.5D分割网络,通过引入空间上下文、帧序信息和跨帧的位移容忍相关性,显著提升了微弱神经信号的恢复能力。

关键设计:NerveDetNet的设计包括专门的神经特征相关模块,优化了模型参数设置,确保在稀疏采样条件下仍能实现高效的神经信号检测。

🖼️ 关键图片

fig_0
fig_1
fig_2

📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,NerveDetNet在稀疏采样条件下的Dice得分达到0.725,显著优于六个2D基线模型,且模型参数约为一半。这表明该方法在神经检测和深度解析方面具有显著的性能提升。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括外科手术中的神经定位和保护,尤其是在神经解剖复杂的手术中。通过实现无组织开启的神经可视化,能够提高手术的安全性和成功率,具有重要的临床价值和广泛的应用前景。

📄 摘要(原文)

Peripheral nerves buried beneath intact tissue are difficult to visualize during surgery and remain inaccessible to white light wide-field imaging and other surface optical imaging methods. Existing OCT nerve studies have largely relied on exposed nerves or polarization contrast with limited depth penetration, restricting their value for subsurface intraoperative guidance. Here, we introduce, to our knowledge, the first label-free framework for detecting peripheral nerves beneath unopened tissue and resolving their depth using intensity-based OCT structural signatures alone. The framework combines a handheld multimodal probe, integrating swept-source OCT with co-registered white light and autofluorescence imaging, with a ``confirm-then-capture'' workflow designed for practical surgical use. To enable efficient analysis of sparsely sampled OCT volumes, we develop NerveDetNet, a lightweight 2.5D segmentation network that recovers weak and spatially displaced nerve signals by incorporating spatial context, frame-order information, and shift-tolerant correlations across frames through a dedicated nerve feature correlation module. In ex vivo tissue experiments, NerveDetNet consistently outperformed six representative 2D baselines across all frame spacings, achieving a Dice score of 0.725 under the sparsest sampling condition while using approximately half the model parameters. End-to-end validation demonstrated localization of nerves invisible at the surface and depth-resolved detection up to 1.3--1.4~mm below the tissue surface, with OCT derived depth maps overlaid directly onto the surgical view. Together, these results establish a practical label-free approach for subsurface nerve visualization that supports intraoperative compatibility, enables efficient sparse-volume analysis, and provides depth-resolved guidance without tissue opening, contrast agents, or nerve exposure.