Dynamic Self-adaptive Multiscale Distillation from Pre-trained Multimodal Large Model for Efficient Cross-modal Representation Learning
作者: Zhengyang Liang, Meiyu Liang, Wei Huang, Yawen Li, Zhe Xue
分类: cs.CV, cs.CL, cs.MM
发布日期: 2024-04-16
备注: 10 pages
💡 一句话要点
提出动态自适应多尺度蒸馏方法以解决多模态表示学习效率问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 多模态学习 蒸馏训练 跨模态检索 动态自适应 模型压缩 计算效率
📋 核心要点
- 现有的多模态大模型训练需要大量计算资源和数据,限制了其在资源有限环境中的应用。
- 本文提出了一种动态自适应多尺度蒸馏方法,能够高效提取预训练模型的结构知识,优化学生模型的学习过程。
- 实验结果显示,该方法在跨模态检索任务中表现优异,超越了依赖区域级信息的传统方法。
📝 摘要(中文)
近年来,预训练的多模态大模型因其在多模态应用中的卓越表现而备受关注。然而,其训练所需的庞大计算资源和数据集在资源有限的环境中部署时面临重大挑战。为此,本文首次提出了一种动态自适应多尺度蒸馏方法,以实现高效的跨模态表示学习。与现有蒸馏方法不同,我们的方法采用多尺度视角,从预训练的多模态大模型中提取结构知识,确保学生模型全面理解教师知识。我们还提出了一种动态自适应蒸馏损失平衡器,消除了手动调整损失权重的需求,并在蒸馏过程中动态平衡每个损失项。实验表明,该方法在显著降低模型复杂性和训练成本的同时,保持了高性能。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决预训练多模态大模型在资源有限环境中应用的挑战,现有方法往往需要庞大的计算资源和数据集,难以部署。
核心思路:我们提出的动态自适应多尺度蒸馏方法,通过多尺度视角提取结构知识,使学生模型能够全面继承教师模型的知识,优化学习效果。
技术框架:该方法包括多个主要模块:首先是从预训练模型中提取特征,其次是通过动态自适应蒸馏损失平衡器来优化损失项,最后生成高效的学生模型。
关键创新:最重要的创新在于动态自适应蒸馏损失平衡器的引入,它消除了手动调整损失权重的需求,能够在蒸馏过程中自动平衡各损失项,提高了训练效率。
关键设计:在损失函数设计上,我们采用了多尺度损失项,并通过动态调整策略来优化每个损失项的权重,确保学生模型在学习过程中能够充分利用教师模型的知识。
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,所提出的方法在跨模态检索任务中实现了最先进的性能,超越了以往依赖区域级信息的方法,且在模型复杂性和训练成本上显著降低,提升幅度达到XX%。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能监控、自动驾驶、医疗影像分析等多模态技术的实际应用。通过降低计算资源需求,该方法能够使先进的多模态技术在资源有限的环境中得以广泛部署,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。
📄 摘要(原文)
In recent years, pre-trained multimodal large models have attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding performance in various multimodal applications. Nonetheless, the extensive computational resources and vast datasets required for their training present significant hurdles for deployment in environments with limited computational resources. To address this challenge, we propose a novel dynamic self-adaptive multiscale distillation from pre-trained multimodal large model for efficient cross-modal representation learning for the first time. Unlike existing distillation methods, our strategy employs a multiscale perspective, enabling the extraction structural knowledge across from the pre-trained multimodal large model. Ensuring that the student model inherits a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the teacher knowledge. To optimize each distillation loss in a balanced and efficient manner, we propose a dynamic self-adaptive distillation loss balancer, a novel component eliminating the need for manual loss weight adjustments and dynamically balances each loss item during the distillation process. Our methodology streamlines pre-trained multimodal large models using only their output features and original image-level information, requiring minimal computational resources. This efficient approach is suited for various applications and allows the deployment of advanced multimodal technologies even in resource-limited settings. Extensive experiments has demonstrated that our method maintains high performance while significantly reducing model complexity and training costs. Moreover, our distilled student model utilizes only image-level information to achieve state-of-the-art performance on cross-modal retrieval tasks, surpassing previous methods that relied on region-level information.