Mirasol3B: A Multimodal Autoregressive model for time-aligned and contextual modalities

📄 arXiv: 2311.05698v3 📥 PDF

作者: AJ Piergiovanni, Isaac Noble, Dahun Kim, Michael S. Ryoo, Victor Gomes, Anelia Angelova

分类: cs.CV

发布日期: 2023-11-09 (更新: 2024-04-03)

备注: CVPR 2024


💡 一句话要点

提出Mirasol3B以解决多模态学习中的时间对齐问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 多模态学习 自回归模型 时间对齐 视频理解 音频处理 上下文建模 特征融合

📋 核心要点

  1. 多模态学习中,视频和音频的高频率输入与文本的不同步导致建模困难。
  2. 提出Mirasol3B模型,通过独立自回归模型处理时间同步和上下文模态,提升建模效率。
  3. 在多个基准测试中,Mirasol3B超越了更大模型,展现出优越的性能和计算效率。

📝 摘要(中文)

多模态学习面临的主要挑战之一是如何有效结合异构模态(如视频、音频和文本)。视频和音频通常以更高的频率获取,并在时间上大致对齐,但与文本(如标题或描述)并不同步。本文提出了一种名为Mirasol3B的多模态模型,通过将多模态建模解耦为独立的自回归模型,分别处理时间同步模态(音频和视频)和上下文模态。为了解决视频和音频输入的长序列问题,本文进一步将视频和音频序列划分为连续片段,并自回归地处理其表示。实验结果表明,该方法在多个多模态基准测试中达到了最先进的性能,超越了更大规模的模型。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决多模态学习中视频、音频与文本之间的时间对齐问题。现有方法在处理长序列时面临计算资源消耗大和建模长程依赖性困难的挑战。

核心思路:Mirasol3B通过将多模态建模解耦为专注于不同模态的自回归模型,分别处理时间同步的音频和视频模态,以及不一定时间对齐的上下文模态,从而提高了建模效率。

技术框架:Mirasol3B的整体架构包括两个主要组件:一个用于时间同步模态的自回归组件和一个用于上下文模态的自回归组件。视频和音频序列被划分为连续片段,采用Combiner机制联合建模音频和视频信息。

关键创新:该模型的关键创新在于Combiner机制,它能够从原始时空信号中提取音频和视频特征,并融合这些特征以生成紧凑而富有表现力的片段表示。这一设计显著提升了对长序列的处理能力。

关键设计:在模型设计中,参数设置和损失函数经过精心调整,以确保在处理大规模输入时的计算效率和表示能力。网络结构采用了自回归设计,能够有效控制音频和视频特征表示的序列长度。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

在多个多模态基准测试中,Mirasol3B模型表现出色,超越了更大规模的模型,达到了最先进的性能。具体而言,该模型在处理长序列时有效控制了计算需求,同时保持了高质量的特征表示,展现出显著的性能提升。

🎯 应用场景

Mirasol3B模型在视频理解、音频分析和文本生成等多模态任务中具有广泛的应用潜力。其高效的建模能力和较低的计算需求使其适用于实时系统和资源受限的环境,未来可在智能监控、自动字幕生成和多媒体检索等领域发挥重要作用。

📄 摘要(原文)

One of the main challenges of multimodal learning is the need to combine heterogeneous modalities (e.g., video, audio, text). For example, video and audio are obtained at much higher rates than text and are roughly aligned in time. They are often not synchronized with text, which comes as a global context, e.g., a title, or a description. Furthermore, video and audio inputs are of much larger volumes, and grow as the video length increases, which naturally requires more compute dedicated to these modalities and makes modeling of long-range dependencies harder. We here decouple the multimodal modeling, dividing it into separate, focused autoregressive models, processing the inputs according to the characteristics of the modalities. We propose a multimodal model, called Mirasol3B, consisting of an autoregressive component for the time-synchronized modalities (audio and video), and an autoregressive component for the context modalities which are not necessarily aligned in time but are still sequential. To address the long-sequences of the video-audio inputs, we propose to further partition the video and audio sequences in consecutive snippets and autoregressively process their representations. To that end, we propose a Combiner mechanism, which models the audio-video information jointly within a timeframe. The Combiner learns to extract audio and video features from raw spatio-temporal signals, and then learns to fuse these features producing compact but expressive representations per snippet. Our approach achieves the state-of-the-art on well established multimodal benchmarks, outperforming much larger models. It effectively addresses the high computational demand of media inputs by both learning compact representations, controlling the sequence length of the audio-video feature representations, and modeling their dependencies in time.