YODA: Teacher-Student Progressive Learning for Language Models
作者: Jianqiao Lu, Wanjun Zhong, Yufei Wang, Zhijiang Guo, Qi Zhu, Wenyong Huang, Yanlin Wang, Fei Mi, Baojun Wang, Yasheng Wang, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Qun Liu
分类: cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.LG
发布日期: 2024-01-28
备注: 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
💡 一句话要点
提出YODA框架以提升语言模型的学习效率
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 教师-学生学习 渐进学习 语言模型 模型微调 数学推理 反馈机制 系统化学习
📋 核心要点
- 现有大型语言模型在学习效率上仍不及人类,难以从基础示例中逐步泛化并处理复杂问题。
- YODA框架通过教师-学生模式,采用基本-泛化-更难的循环,系统性地提升模型的学习效果。
- 实验结果显示,使用YODA数据训练LLaMA2在数学推理任务上取得显著性能提升,验证了方法的有效性。
📝 摘要(中文)
尽管大型语言模型在多种任务中表现出色,但其学习效率仍落后于人类。本文提出YODA,一个新颖的教师-学生渐进学习框架,模拟教师与学生的教育过程,以提高模型微调的有效性。该框架通过互动的基本-泛化-更难循环进行,教师代理为学生的答案提供定制反馈,并系统地组织教育过程。通过基础示例教学、泛化问题强化理解以及逐步提升复杂度的问题,学生在教师的指导下迭代完善答案,形成对问题的全面理解。以数学推理为测试平台,实验表明,使用YODA数据训练LLaMA2显著提升了SFT性能,GSM8K提升17.01%,MATH提升9.98%。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决大型语言模型在学习效率上的不足,特别是在从基础示例到复杂问题的学习过程中,现有方法缺乏系统性和反馈机制。
核心思路:YODA框架模拟教师与学生的教育过程,通过逐步引导学生从基础到复杂的学习,利用教师的反馈来强化学习效果。
技术框架:YODA框架包含三个主要阶段:基础示例教学、泛化问题强化和复杂问题挑战。教师代理负责提供反馈并组织学习流程,学生在此过程中不断迭代完善答案。
关键创新:YODA的创新在于其教师-学生的互动学习机制,通过系统化的反馈和逐步提升的难度,显著提高了模型的学习效率,与传统的静态训练方法形成鲜明对比。
关键设计:在训练过程中,YODA采用了特定的损失函数和反馈机制,确保学生能够在每个阶段获得适当的指导和挑战,从而实现更深层次的理解和技能提升。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,使用YODA框架训练的LLaMA2在GSM8K和MATH任务上分别提升了17.01%和9.98%的性能,显著优于传统的训练方法,验证了该框架的有效性和优势。
🎯 应用场景
YODA框架具有广泛的应用潜力,尤其在教育技术、智能辅导系统和复杂任务的自动化处理等领域。通过模拟人类学习过程,该方法能够提升模型在多种任务中的表现,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。
📄 摘要(原文)
Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated adeptness in a range of tasks, they still lag behind human learning efficiency. This disparity is often linked to the inherent human capacity to learn from basic examples, gradually generalize and handle more complex problems, and refine their skills with continuous feedback. Inspired by this, this paper introduces YODA, a novel teacher-student progressive learning framework that emulates the teacher-student education process to improve the efficacy of model fine-tuning. The framework operates on an interactive \textit{basic-generalized-harder} loop. The teacher agent provides tailored feedback on the student's answers, and systematically organizes the education process. This process unfolds by teaching the student basic examples, reinforcing understanding through generalized questions, and then enhancing learning by posing questions with progressively enhanced complexity. With the teacher's guidance, the student learns to iteratively refine its answer with feedback, and forms a robust and comprehensive understanding of the posed questions. The systematic procedural data, which reflects the progressive learning process of humans, is then utilized for model training. Taking math reasoning as a testbed, experiments show that training LLaMA2 with data from YODA improves SFT with significant performance gain (+17.01\% on GSM8K and +9.98\% on MATH). In addition, we find that training with curriculum learning further improves learning robustness.