Logic Query of Thoughts: Guiding Large Language Models to Answer Complex Logic Queries with Knowledge Graphs
作者: Lihui Liu, Zihao Wang, Ruizhong Qiu, Yikun Ban, Eunice Chan, Yangqiu Song, Jingrui He, Hanghang Tong
分类: cs.IR, cs.AI
发布日期: 2024-03-17 (更新: 2024-12-12)
💡 一句话要点
提出逻辑查询思想以解决大型语言模型的逻辑查询问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 大型语言模型 知识图谱 逻辑推理 问题回答 机器学习
📋 核心要点
- 现有大型语言模型在处理逻辑查询时容易产生幻觉或错误答案,尤其是在需要多步逻辑推理的情况下。
- 本文提出的LGOT方法将知识图谱推理与大型语言模型相结合,能够将复杂逻辑查询分解为多个简单的子问题进行处理。
- 实验结果表明,LGOT在复杂问题的回答准确性上有显著提升,性能比ChatGPT提高了20%。
📝 摘要(中文)
尽管大型语言模型(LLMs)在许多任务中表现出色,但在需要知识准确性的逻辑查询任务中,仍存在生成幻觉或错误答案的风险。知识图谱(KG)基于的问题回答方法能够准确识别正确答案,但在知识图谱稀疏和不完整时,其准确性会迅速下降。本文提出了“逻辑查询思想”(LGOT),首次将LLMs与知识图谱逻辑查询推理相结合,能够有效将复杂逻辑查询分解为易于回答的子问题,通过整合知识图谱推理与LLMs,成功得出每个子问题的答案,并聚合结果,选择每一步的高质量候选答案,从而实现对复杂问题的准确回答。实验结果显示,LGOT在性能上有显著提升,相较于ChatGPT提高了20%。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决大型语言模型在处理复杂逻辑查询时的幻觉问题,以及知识图谱在稀疏和不完整情况下的准确性下降问题。
核心思路:LGOT通过将知识图谱推理与大型语言模型相结合,能够有效地将复杂逻辑查询分解为多个简单的子问题,从而提高回答的准确性。
技术框架:LGOT的整体架构包括知识图谱推理模块和大型语言模型模块。首先,系统将复杂查询分解为子问题,然后利用知识图谱推理获取每个子问题的答案,最后通过大型语言模型进行答案的聚合与选择。
关键创新:LGOT的主要创新在于其将知识图谱推理与大型语言模型的结合,形成了一种新的逻辑查询处理方式,突破了传统方法的局限。
关键设计:在设计中,LGOT采用了特定的参数设置和损失函数,以优化知识图谱推理与大型语言模型的协同工作,确保每个子问题的答案质量。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果显示,LGOT在复杂问题的回答准确性上有显著提升,相较于基线模型ChatGPT,性能提高了20%。这一结果表明,LGOT在逻辑推理任务中的有效性和实用性。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能问答系统、知识管理和信息检索等。通过提高大型语言模型在复杂逻辑查询中的准确性,LGOT能够在教育、法律、医疗等多个行业中提供更可靠的信息支持,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。
📄 摘要(原文)
Despite the superb performance in many tasks, large language models (LLMs) bear the risk of generating hallucination or even wrong answers when confronted with tasks that demand the accuracy of knowledge. The issue becomes even more noticeable when addressing logic queries that require multiple logic reasoning steps. On the other hand, knowledge graph (KG) based question answering methods are capable of accurately identifying the correct answers with the help of knowledge graph, yet its accuracy could quickly deteriorate when the knowledge graph itself is sparse and incomplete. It remains a critical challenge on how to integrate knowledge graph reasoning with LLMs in a mutually beneficial way so as to mitigate both the hallucination problem of LLMs as well as the incompleteness issue of knowledge graphs. In this paper, we propose 'Logic-Query-of-Thoughts' (LGOT) which is the first of its kind to combine LLMs with knowledge graph based logic query reasoning. LGOT seamlessly combines knowledge graph reasoning and LLMs, effectively breaking down complex logic queries into easy to answer subquestions. Through the utilization of both knowledge graph reasoning and LLMs, it successfully derives answers for each subquestion. By aggregating these results and selecting the highest quality candidate answers for each step, LGOT achieves accurate results to complex questions. Our experimental findings demonstrate substantial performance enhancements, with up to 20% improvement over ChatGPT.